What are formative assessments?

Formative assessments are tools used to monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to enhance their learning. Unlike summative assessments, which evaluate student learning at the end of a unit or course (such as final exams), formative assessments are typically conducted during the learning process. Examples include quizzes, discussions, observations, and peer reviews. These assessments help educators identify areas where students may be struggling and adjust instruction accordingly, fostering a more effective learning environment. This continuous feedback loop supports student development and encourages a growth mindset, making it a crucial element in the educational process.